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⚖️ POLICY & REGULATION
Nearly 40 Labor, Faith And AI Safety Groups Set Red Lines For Any Federal AI Bill And Promise "Active, Mobilized Opposition" To Half Measures: The letter, organized by Guardrails Action, the nonprofit arm of the Guardrails Alliance super PAC launched in June to counter Leading the Future, goes to members of Congress and 2028 candidates and lists what a bill must contain to avoid the coalition's opposition: independent government oversight with real enforcement power, a mandate covering human impacts from safety to economic disruption, and a bar on AI making final decisions such as denying health care or benefits, firing or disciplining workers, or deploying weapons. Signers include the American Federation of Teachers and Who Decides, led by Alex Bores. "It's not enough to come to the table with half measures," senior adviser Maya Handa told Semafor. For anyone drafting a preemption-for-standards trade this winter, the floor on the other side of the table is now written down. Link
Trump's Allies Move To Push Safety Nonprofits Out Of The Accord's Auditing Role; Anthropic Turns To Accenture For Outside Evaluators: The Washington Post reports that the fight over who audits frontier models under last week's White House accord has turned on the Bay Area nonprofits the labs have used for years: David Sacks said on his podcast that evaluators "should be professional auditors, not these NGOs" and singled out METR as too close to Anthropic to be independent, and Anthropic then announced it will partner with Accenture to build a team of outside evaluators. Pentagon technology chief Emil Michael, who has called extreme-risk arguments "death-cult-like," sits on the Super Intelligence Force named Sunday, and a Trump official described a deliberate "rhetorical push" against effective altruism, with Build American AI's Nathan Leamer briefing congressional conservatives against the movement. The accord's third-party evaluation clause has no definition of who qualifies; this is the fight over writing one. Link
STATES
Hochul Takes Ocasio-Cortez And Ryan To A Dutchess County Farm To Defend The Hyperscale Pause As The PSC Weighs Bring-Your-Own-Power Rules: At Fishkill Farms in East Fishkill on Tuesday the governor said the July executive order, which pauses discretionary state environmental permits for new hyperscale data centers for up to a year, will stay in place while the state writes rules on water, electricity demand and ratepayer costs, and restated her July pledge to seek legislation ending state sales tax exemptions for large data centers. Empire State Development is to publish a Community Investment Framework for municipalities negotiating project benefits, and the Public Service Commission is weighing rules that would make developers pay more for power or supply their own. The release also restates the RAISE Act clock: large frontier developers register from November, with a Jan. 1, 2027, compliance date that includes 72-hour critical incident reporting. Ryan: "We're not going to let billionaire tech oligarchs poison our water, drive up utility bills, and build unchecked technology." Ocasio-Cortez is the House sponsor of the federal data center moratorium bill, and the appearance comes as Axios reports Rep. Summer Lee has signed on as a cosponsor. Link
Pennsylvania's PUC Chairman Tells The House He Now Backs A Firm Bring-Your-Own-Generation Rule For Data Centers And Wants The State To Preempt Local Siting Of New Power Plants: At a House Energy Committee information session Tuesday, Stephen DeFrank said that "requiring data centers to bring their own generation, I think it is important. And I switched my position on that," citing reserve margins missed by six to eight gigawatts in recent PJM capacity auctions. On siting: "I think you really have to talk about a preemption in siting or something with generation because we need it," noting Pennsylvania preempts local control of transmission lines but not generation. The commission's Synapse study puts reliability risk at nearly six times PJM's planning standard by 2030, and a PUC-commissioned KeyLogic review of 21 deactivated power plant sites for redevelopment is being presented today. A generation-siting preemption would be the most direct collision yet between Harrisburg and the townships that have been writing their own data center rules all year. Link
Utah Lets An AI Write Initial Prescriptions For The First Time: Nolla Health's Acne App Prescribes Topical Creams Under A 12-Month Regulatory Agreement: Announced Monday, the agreement with the Office of Artificial Intelligence Policy's AI Learning Lab, worked out with the Division of Professional Licensing, the Utah Medical Association and the American Academy of Dermatology, is, the company says, the first time a state regulator has let an AI issue an initial prescription rather than a refill. The scope is topical acne creams for adults 18 and over; isotretinoin and oral drugs are excluded. Oversight steps down in phases: two Utah-licensed physicians review every prescription for the first 100 patients, then physicians review after issuance for at least 500 patients over eight weeks, then a monthly retrospective review of at least 10 percent of volume. The state's standard disclaimer says participation "does not mean the State has approved, endorsed, certified, or vouched for the product." It extends the January Doctronic refill pilot, and it is the data point every medical board will be asked about next session. Link
Memphis Postpones Its Data Center Moratorium Vote 7-5 To Oct. 20, And The Meeting Ends In A Lobby Fistfight: With more than 100 people in the chamber for the third and final reading Tuesday, Canale, Carlisle, Logan, Spinosa, Warren, White and Cooper-Sutton voted to delay; Easter-Thomas, Green, Smiley, Walker and Swearengen Washington voted no, and Edmund Ford Sr. was absent. Cooper-Sutton was escorted out after arguing with protesters and with Smiley, the council halted the meeting, and a fight between two women in the lobby brought police, who detained no one. It is the second postponement of the ordinance, which would pause new hyperscale approvals while a study committee from the health department, public works and MLGW writes zoning rules the city does not have; the SpaceXAI campus that started the fight is exempt as an existing site. Link
Raleigh Adopts A Six-Month Moratorium 7-1 On Data Centers Over 10,000 Square Feet Or 5 Megawatts; Residents Wanted 32 Months: Council member Christina Jones cast the no vote Tuesday. The pause runs to April 2027, staff publish draft regulations for comment by Nov. 16, the planning commission reviews them in December and January, and the council's hearing and vote on permanent rules is projected for April 6, 2027. Activists who rallied outside asked for 32 months and objected to the 5-megawatt line, which they said could power thousands of homes; Southeast Raleigh residents cited the industrial burden the district already carries. Raleigh was the last large Wake County city without a pause after Cary's 18 months and Durham County's nine. Link
San Francisco And Oakland Both Adopt 45-Day Data Center Moratoriums In One Night; San Francisco's Can Run To 22 Months: The San Francisco Board of Supervisors passed Shamann Walton's urgency ordinance Tuesday with Chan, Fielder and Chen as cosponsors: a citywide freeze on any facility housing servers, storage and the power and cooling that serve them, with Planning to report at the 45-day mark on water, energy, air quality and land use impacts, after which state law allows an extension to 22 months or permanent restrictions. It pauses NOVVA's Bayview expansion and a proposed 160,000-square-foot Dogpatch facility that has not broken ground. "Until we know what that is, it needs to stop," Walton said. Across the bay, Oakland's council voted 7-0 for Carroll Fife's 45-day urgency measure, effective immediately, with a community meeting set for Oct. 24; Mayor Barbara Lee said the window is for the public to weigh in. Link
Also Adopted Or Advanced Monday And Tuesday: Mendocino Extends To August 2028, Lexington Moves To Extend To October 2027, Milwaukee's Committee Goes Unanimous, Evansville, Levy County And Brighton Add Pauses: Mendocino County supervisors voted 4-1 to extend their Sept. 1 moratorium by 22 months and 15 days to Aug. 21, 2028, the longest state law allows, and exempted facilities under 3 megawatts in a change the ad hoc committee worked out over lunch; Maureen Mulheren voted no. Lexington's council, after nearly 60 speakers, advanced an extension of its pause to Oct. 31, 2027, threw out most of the planning commission's draft and ordered a dedicated data center zone instead, with first reading Thursday. Milwaukee's Zoning, Neighborhoods and Development Committee endorsed the one-year pause unanimously, sending it to the full council Oct. 13. Evansville, Ind., adopted a 180-day moratorium Monday. Levy County, Fla., commissioners approved a one-year pause on large-scale projects. Brighton, Colo., passed a one-year moratorium unanimously on first reading a day after the 155-acre, eight-building Silo rezoning was withdrawn; second reading is Oct. 20. Link
And The Ones That Slipped: L.A. County Sends Solis's Ban Motion Back To Her Office, Imperial County Replaces A Court-Voided Moratorium, Manatee Loses Its Quorum, Detroit And Frederick Start New Ones: Los Angeles County supervisors referred Hilda Solis's motion to draft a permanent ban on large-scale data centers in unincorporated areas back to her office Tuesday with no return date; the planning director's Sept. 17 administrative pause stays. Imperial County supervisors repealed Ordinances 1616 and 1618 under a superior court writ in Imperial Valley Computer Manufacturers v. County of Imperial and adopted a fresh interim ordinance under Government Code 65858 the same morning; a countywide ballot measure was discussed but not set, with staff pricing a special election at about $500,000 against a cheaper slot on the 2028 ballot. Manatee County's second reading on its 12-month pause failed for lack of a quorum. In Detroit, Council member Gabriela Santiago-Romero directed the legal division to draft an 18-month interim zoning moratorium on enterprise AI data center permits running to March 17, 2028, after Mayor Sheffield took no action on the council's March request. Frederick, Md., Council member Derek Shackelford's proposal to freeze any data center legislation for two years, including pending code amendments, is up for discussion Thursday. Link
🛡️ SAFETY & SECURITY
Common Sense Media Rates ChatGPT For Teens An "Unacceptable Risk" After 4,000 Prompts And Asks OpenAI To Keep Minors Off Until Independent Testing Verifies The Promised Protections: The Youth AI Safety Institute's report, out this morning, found that a teen account could discuss suicide, self-harm or disordered eating for up to an hour with no parental notification, that hotline referrals on depression prompts fell from 63 percent before the teen tier launched to 3 percent after, that age estimation never triggered teen protections on 19-year-old accounts even when the user claimed to be 13, and that Study Hours was defeated by dropping the @study prefix, after which ChatGPT completed the assignment every time. Explicit sexual roleplay refusals held. OpenAI said the bulk of the testing may have ended before parental controls finished activating, which it says can take several hours on newly linked accounts; Common Sense said some accounts were linked far longer and still produced no alerts. The findings land with Pennsylvania's HB 2006 awaiting a Senate referral and the federal chatbot design bill, HR 10719, in Energy and Commerce. Link
Google Research, With Nissenbaum And Dawn Song, Says Agents Leak Personal Data Without Any Hack: Over-Sharing, Inference Across Tasks And "Ghost" Memory That Outlives Deletion: The Oct. 5 paper, "Open Problems and New Directions in Agent Privacy and Security: A Contextual Perspective," looks at what happens after a user hands an assistant their email, calendar and files: agents disclose more than a task needs, combine data points across tasks in ways that reveal what the user never said (a dietary restriction plus a pharmacy schedule equals a diagnosis), and keep information in memory after the user deletes the prompt that supplied it. The authors want minimum permissions by default, user confirmation before sensitive data leaves the agent, no reuse of deleted information, and information-sharing standards with corporate accountability behind them. It is a rare lab paper that frames agent privacy as a problem current hacking-focused security rules do not reach, the gap state privacy regulators have been asking about since the Hugging Face incident. Link
💰 POWER & CAPITAL
Google Signs For 3.6 GW From Constellation: A 20-Year Nuclear PPA Funding $4.3 Billion Of Uprates At 11 Reactors In Illinois, New Jersey And Pennsylvania, Plus 2.7 GW Of PJM Supply: Announced Tuesday, the 890-megawatt nuclear power purchase agreement pays for capacity additions at 11 existing units with the first upgraded plant delivering in 2028; Constellation says the work secures 4,400 jobs and creates 7,200. The second piece is a 15-year agreement for 2.7 gigawatts across the PJM footprint, tied to no particular plant, which Constellation says is meant to keep its existing fleet delivering energy and capacity to the PJM market. It arrives as PJM is drafting rules that would make data centers bring their own power or accept curtailment, and a week after FERC told PJM to make large loads carry the cost of its backstop auction. Google's Amanda Peterson Corio: "We're committed to meeting our growth responsibly by actively investing in clean, reliable power that brings new capacity to our nation's grids." Link
Black Hills Will Spend $1.8 Billion On Gas Plants For Google's Cheyenne Campus And Run A 2.1-GW Private Microgrid, Under A Contract To 2048 With No Cost Shifting To Other Customers: The definitive agreements, effective Sept. 30 and disclosed in an 8-K Tuesday, have the utility build 564 megawatts of company-owned natural gas generation between 2027 and 2029 and deliver up to 590 megawatts of grid-connected service, while managing about 2.1 gigawatts of third-party Wyoming resources through a privately managed microgrid for a fee, 2.7 gigawatts in all including reserves. Google bears every cost under pass-through mechanisms, with stranded-asset protection, early-termination safeguards and collateral requirements written in; Black Hills expects about $150 million of net income from the deal in 2030. The regulatory trail is already partly built: the Robinson substation CPCN was approved in May, the industrial siting permit for the generation was filed in July, the air permit was approved in August, and the transmission CPCN filings with the Wyoming PSC are listed as completed or planned. It is the template the Public Service Commission will be measuring every other large-load contract against. Link
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